Introduction
In our society, the foster care system stands as a pillar of protection for children facing abuse and neglect. Yet, beneath its noble facade lies a troubling truth: many of these vulnerable children, taken from their homes in the name of safety, are thrust into environments where they face an increased risk of sexual abuse and exploitation.
In 2019 there were an estimated 400,000 children in foster care. Of those children, it is estimated that up to 40% of them had experienced some type of abuse within the system. In the United States it is estimated there are 57,329 child victims of sexual abuse each year. One 2019 foster care report noted that out of 423,997 children in the foster care system, over 46% were in nonrelative placements. Black children experienced more maltreatment than White children in multiple categories and were also noted to have higher rates of predictors of maltreatment by the NCIS software. In 2019, 23% of children in foster care were Black, 21% were Hispanic, and 8% considered multiracial, with 44% of children in foster care identifying as white. Foster care was formally established by the federal government in the Social Security Act of 1935. Up to 90% of sexually abused teens admitted to instigating violent behavior. Preferred Citation: Abigail Hessing. “Sexual Abuse of Children in the United States Foster Care System” Ballard Brief. February 2022. www.ballardbrief.org.
The Pervasive Nature of Sexual Abuse
Studies conducted across different regions unveil shocking figures. In Maryland, research from John Hopkins University indicates that children in foster care are four times more likely to experience sexual abuse than their peers outside the system, with those in group homes facing an alarming 28-fold increase in risk. Similarly, findings from Oregon and Washington state reveal that nearly one-third of foster children report abuse by a foster parent or another adult in the home. Even investigations in New Jersey foster homes cast doubt on the safety of these environments, with researchers concluding that no assurances can be given regarding the well-being of foster children.
The Connection to Child Sex Trafficking
Perhaps most distressing is the connection between foster care and child sex trafficking. More than half of the minors rescued from trafficking operations in 2013 were from foster care or group homes, highlighting a systemic failure to protect these vulnerable individuals from exploitation.
Racial Disparities
Moreover, racial disparities further exacerbate the injustices within the system. African American children are disproportionately represented in foster care, comprising over one-third of the population despite accounting for only 15% of all children. Women of color are more likely to be reported for child abuse and neglect, leading to a higher likelihood of having their children removed from their care.
Defining Neglect
In many cases, the definition of neglect itself perpetuates systemic injustice. Factors such as homelessness or financial instability are often used as grounds for removal, further entrenching racial and socioeconomic disparities.
The Need for Reform
The foster care system, like any institution, must be held accountable for its failures. Stricter screening of caregivers, robust protocols for investigating abuse claims, and increased prosecution of perpetrators are crucial steps toward ensuring the safety and well-being of foster children. Prosecutions and arrests must include the child care operatives themselves. On a personal note, in my case and while I was in jail and prison, most prisoners I found had a background from being in the foster care system that included abuse, while in the system, which eventually led to drug and alcohol abuse, and crime. The State authorities are ultimately culpable and are to be held accountable under international laws and universal jurisdiction.
Conclusion
As we strive to build a society where every child can thrive, we must confront the uncomfortable truths lurking within our child welfare system. Only then can we truly fulfill our obligation to protect the most vulnerable among us and provide them with the nurturing, supportive childhood they deserve.
Respectfully,
Ewing Samuels